Stats by Source
Total, split by cell line (COSMIC CL / DepMap / PubMed) vs tissue (COSMIC primary tissue)
Total = all mutations for this gene across every source.
Cell line = COSMIC Cell Lines Project + DepMap + PubMed.
Tissue = COSMIC primary-tissue (patient tumour) samples.
Total can exceed cell line + tissue: COSMIC tissue-derived models sit only in global, and a peptide can be shared across both.
| Total | Cell line | Tissue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutations | 395 | 53 | 337 |
| Samples | 161 | 32 | 127 |
| Peptides | 126 | 22 | 103 |
Function
CTSL · Cathepsin L
The protein encoded by this gene is a lysosomal cysteine proteinase that plays a major role in intracellular protein catabolism. Its substrates include collagen and elastin, as well as alpha-1 protease inhibitor, a major controlling element of neutrophil elastase activity. The encoded protein has been implicated in several pathologic processes, including myofibril necrosis in myopathies and in myocardial ischemia, and in the renal tubular response to proteinuria. This protein, which is a member of the peptidase C1 family, is a dimer composed of disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, both produced from a single protein precursor. Additionally, this protein cleaves the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which is necessary for entry of the virus into the cell. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020].
Isoforms & Proteins
3 transcripts · UniProt mapping is sequence-verified (AA-safe)
Each Ensembl transcript (ENST) this gene is mutated on, with its matched UniProt accession.
The mapping is sequence-verified: the UniProt sequence is identical to the transcript translation, so amino-acid positions line up exactly. A * marks an unreviewed (TrEMBL) entry.
Counts are mutations and unique mutant peptides on each transcript.
Gene Properties
Recurrent Mutations
All 126 amino-acid changes on canonical ENST00000343150 · needle height = samples · drag the mini-map to zoom
A lollipop / needle plot – the standard way to show recurrent mutations along a protein (as used by cBioPortal and MutationMapper).
X-axis = amino-acid position in the protein.
Needle height & head size = how often that exact amino-acid change was observed (its recurrence). Tall/large heads are mutational hotspots.
The most recurrent changes are labelled; hover any needle for the change, position and counts.
Mutation frequency across cancer types
% of samples with a missense/complex mutation in CTSL · cell line vs tissue
For each cancer type, the fraction of samples that carry at least one missense/complex mutation anywhere in CTSL – counted as distinct samples (a sample counts once no matter how many mutations it has).
Split into cell line and tissue; each cell shows mutated / total and the percentage. Cohorts with <20 samples are omitted. Ordered by combined frequency.
| Cancer type | Cell lines | Tissue samples |
|---|---|---|
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 4/42 10% | 13/612 2% |
| Melanoma | 5/210 2% | 11/1899 1% |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 8/143 6% | 14/3239 0% |
| Prostate Carcinoma | 2/13 15% | 11/2105 1% |
| Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0/57 0% | 5/810 1% |
| Plasma Cell Myeloma | 1/44 2% | 1/305 0% |
| Neuroendocrine Tumour | 4/154 3% | 0/577 0% |
| Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 2/9 22% | 2/752 0% |
| Gastric Carcinoma | 0/74 0% | 8/1809 0% |
| Bladder Carcinoma | 0/58 0% | 4/956 0% |
| Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 0/51 0% | 10/2550 0% |
| Other Solid Cancers | 0/94 0% | 6/1515 0% |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 1/46 2% | 7/2210 0% |
| Ewings Sarcoma | 1/63 2% | 0/262 0% |
| Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0/304 0% | 5/1390 0% |
| Ovarian Carcinoma | 0/109 0% | 3/998 0% |
| Cervical Carcinoma | 0/35 0% | 1/422 0% |
| Other Blood Cancers | 0/61 0% | 6/2725 0% |
| Biliary Tract Carcinoma | 0/54 0% | 2/950 0% |
| B-Cell Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma | 1/88 1% | 4/2534 0% |
| Head and Neck Carcinoma | 0/85 0% | 3/1574 0% |
| Kidney Carcinoma | 0/85 0% | 3/1862 0% |
| Breast Carcinoma | 0/144 0% | 5/3264 0% |
| Neuroblastoma | 2/87 2% | 0/1331 0% |
| Pancreatic Carcinoma | 1/89 1% | 1/1611 0% |
| Non-Cancerous | 0/104 0% | 1/830 0% |
| Glioma | 0/52 0% | 2/2127 0% |
| Thyroid Gland Carcinoma | 0/45 0% | 1/1592 0% |
Mutation Distribution
Where CTSL is mutated · all tissues, split by cell line vs tissue
How many mutations in CTSL were found in each tissue, across the whole database.
Each bar is a tissue (cell-line and tissue names are merged to the standard tissue), split into cell line and tissue (patient tumour) contributions.
This shows the cancer-context where this gene is recurrently altered.
GTEx Expression
Median TPM across 54 healthy tissues
Median gene expression (TPM) in normal, non-cancer human tissues from the GTEx project.
Useful for judging tumour specificity – a strong neoantigen target ideally comes from a gene with low expression in healthy tissues.
Scroll or drag the mini-axis below the chart to browse all tissues.
Mutations
All 395 mutations in CTSL
Every mutation record for this gene, across all samples and sources.
The Sample column links to the cell line (cell-line samples) or the tissue type (tissue samples).
Use the Type / Source filters, the search box, and column sorting to explore; each CAN-IMMUNE ID opens the full mutation & peptide view.
| ID | Sample | Transcript | AA Change | CDS | Type | Source | Mutant Peptide | Wild-type Peptide |
|---|