Stats by Source
Total, split by cell line (COSMIC CL / DepMap / PubMed) vs tissue (COSMIC primary tissue)
Total = all mutations for this gene across every source.
Cell line = COSMIC Cell Lines Project + DepMap + PubMed.
Tissue = COSMIC primary-tissue (patient tumour) samples.
Total can exceed cell line + tissue: COSMIC tissue-derived models sit only in global, and a peptide can be shared across both.
| Total | Cell line | Tissue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutations | 1,524 | 288 | 1,205 |
| Samples | 1,056 | 221 | 814 |
| Peptides | 845 | 168 | 693 |
Function
GLI2 · GLI family zinc finger 2
This gene encodes a protein which belongs to the C2H2-type zinc finger protein subclass of the Gli family. Members of this subclass are characterized as transcription factors which bind DNA through zinc finger motifs. These motifs contain conserved H-C links. Gli family zinc finger proteins are mediators of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling and they are implicated as potent oncogenes in the embryonal carcinoma cell. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the cytoplasm and activates patched Drosophila homolog (PTCH) gene expression. It is also thought to play a role during embryogenesis. The encoded protein is associated with several phenotypes- Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome, Pallister-Hall syndrome, preaxial polydactyly type IV, postaxial polydactyly types A1 and B. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Isoforms & Proteins
2 transcripts · UniProt mapping is sequence-verified (AA-safe)
Each Ensembl transcript (ENST) this gene is mutated on, with its matched UniProt accession.
The mapping is sequence-verified: the UniProt sequence is identical to the transcript translation, so amino-acid positions line up exactly. A * marks an unreviewed (TrEMBL) entry.
Counts are mutations and unique mutant peptides on each transcript.
| Transcript | UniProt | Mutations | Peptides |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENST00000452319 | P10070 | 1,053 | 744 |
| ENST00000361492 | A0A7I2PJA1* | 471 | 345 |
Gene Properties
Recurrent Mutations
All 744 amino-acid changes on canonical ENST00000452319 · needle height = samples · drag the mini-map to zoom
A lollipop / needle plot – the standard way to show recurrent mutations along a protein (as used by cBioPortal and MutationMapper).
X-axis = amino-acid position in the protein.
Needle height & head size = how often that exact amino-acid change was observed (its recurrence). Tall/large heads are mutational hotspots.
The most recurrent changes are labelled; hover any needle for the change, position and counts.
Mutation frequency across cancer types
% of samples with a missense/complex mutation in GLI2 · cell line vs tissue
For each cancer type, the fraction of samples that carry at least one missense/complex mutation anywhere in GLI2 – counted as distinct samples (a sample counts once no matter how many mutations it has).
Split into cell line and tissue; each cell shows mutated / total and the percentage. Cohorts with <20 samples are omitted. Ordered by combined frequency.
| Cancer type | Cell lines | Tissue samples |
|---|---|---|
| T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia | 9/40 22% | 0/0 0% |
| Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia | 4/25 16% | 0/0 0% |
| Melanoma | 17/210 8% | 138/1899 7% |
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 14/42 33% | 26/612 4% |
| Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 34/304 11% | 53/1390 4% |
| Chordoma | 1/7 14% | 0/13 0% |
| Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour | 0/0 0% | 6/133 5% |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 26/143 18% | 120/3239 4% |
| Oral Cavity Carcinoma | 2/54 4% | 0/0 0% |
| Gastric Carcinoma | 2/74 3% | 60/1809 3% |
| Other Solid Cancers | 1/94 1% | 51/1515 3% |
| Cervical Carcinoma | 3/35 9% | 11/422 3% |
| Hodgkins Lymphoma | 1/16 6% | 3/122 2% |
| Neuroendocrine Tumour | 11/154 7% | 9/577 2% |
| Plasma Cell Myeloma | 7/44 16% | 2/305 1% |
| Unknown | 0/10 0% | 1/29 3% |
| Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma | 4/57 7% | 18/810 2% |
| Osteosarcoma | 4/45 9% | 1/166 1% |
| Chondrosarcoma | 2/14 14% | 0/75 0% |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 1/46 2% | 49/2210 2% |
| Bladder Carcinoma | 1/58 2% | 20/956 2% |
| Glioblastoma | 2/98 2% | 0/0 0% |
| Ovarian Carcinoma | 4/109 4% | 18/998 2% |
| Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 2/9 22% | 13/752 2% |
| Head and Neck Carcinoma | 5/85 6% | 25/1574 2% |
| Biliary Tract Carcinoma | 4/54 7% | 14/950 1% |
| Esophageal Carcinoma | 1/23 4% | 12/769 2% |
| Thyroid Gland Carcinoma | 4/45 9% | 22/1592 1% |
| Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 1/51 2% | 35/2550 1% |
| Burkitts Lymphoma | 3/32 9% | 0/196 0% |
Mutation Distribution
Where GLI2 is mutated · all tissues, split by cell line vs tissue
How many mutations in GLI2 were found in each tissue, across the whole database.
Each bar is a tissue (cell-line and tissue names are merged to the standard tissue), split into cell line and tissue (patient tumour) contributions.
This shows the cancer-context where this gene is recurrently altered.
GTEx Expression
Median TPM across 54 healthy tissues
Median gene expression (TPM) in normal, non-cancer human tissues from the GTEx project.
Useful for judging tumour specificity – a strong neoantigen target ideally comes from a gene with low expression in healthy tissues.
Scroll or drag the mini-axis below the chart to browse all tissues.
Mutations
All 1,524 mutations in GLI2
Every mutation record for this gene, across all samples and sources.
The Sample column links to the cell line (cell-line samples) or the tissue type (tissue samples).
Use the Type / Source filters, the search box, and column sorting to explore; each CAN-IMMUNE ID opens the full mutation & peptide view.
| ID | Sample | Transcript | AA Change | CDS | Type | Source | Mutant Peptide | Wild-type Peptide |
|---|