Stats by Source
Total, split by cell line (COSMIC CL / DepMap / PubMed) vs tissue (COSMIC primary tissue)
Total = all mutations for this gene across every source.
Cell line = COSMIC Cell Lines Project + DepMap + PubMed.
Tissue = COSMIC primary-tissue (patient tumour) samples.
Total can exceed cell line + tissue: COSMIC tissue-derived models sit only in global, and a peptide can be shared across both.
| Total | Cell line | Tissue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutations | 201 | 44 | 156 |
| Samples | 197 | 43 | 153 |
| Peptides | 135 | 31 | 118 |
Function
GREM2 · Gremlin 2, DAN family BMP antagonist
This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystine knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic effect of the secreted glycosylated protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins. As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue differentiation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Isoforms & Proteins
1 transcript · UniProt mapping is sequence-verified (AA-safe)
Each Ensembl transcript (ENST) this gene is mutated on, with its matched UniProt accession.
The mapping is sequence-verified: the UniProt sequence is identical to the transcript translation, so amino-acid positions line up exactly. A * marks an unreviewed (TrEMBL) entry.
Counts are mutations and unique mutant peptides on each transcript.
| Transcript | UniProt | Mutations | Peptides |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENST00000318160 | Q9H772 | 201 | 135 |
Gene Properties
Recurrent Mutations
All 135 amino-acid changes on canonical ENST00000318160 · needle height = samples · drag the mini-map to zoom
A lollipop / needle plot – the standard way to show recurrent mutations along a protein (as used by cBioPortal and MutationMapper).
X-axis = amino-acid position in the protein.
Needle height & head size = how often that exact amino-acid change was observed (its recurrence). Tall/large heads are mutational hotspots.
The most recurrent changes are labelled; hover any needle for the change, position and counts.
Mutation frequency across cancer types
% of samples with a missense/complex mutation in GREM2 · cell line vs tissue
For each cancer type, the fraction of samples that carry at least one missense/complex mutation anywhere in GREM2 – counted as distinct samples (a sample counts once no matter how many mutations it has).
Split into cell line and tissue; each cell shows mutated / total and the percentage. Cohorts with <20 samples are omitted. Ordered by combined frequency.
| Cancer type | Cell lines | Tissue samples |
|---|---|---|
| T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia | 2/40 5% | 0/0 0% |
| Glioblastoma | 3/98 3% | 0/0 0% |
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 3/42 7% | 8/612 1% |
| Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma | 3/57 5% | 11/810 1% |
| Gastric Carcinoma | 4/74 5% | 17/1809 1% |
| Melanoma | 2/210 1% | 14/1899 1% |
| Other Solid Cancers | 1/94 1% | 11/1515 1% |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 9/143 6% | 16/3239 0% |
| Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0/304 0% | 12/1390 1% |
| Neuroendocrine Tumour | 3/154 2% | 2/577 0% |
| Head and Neck Carcinoma | 1/85 1% | 9/1574 1% |
| Germ Cell Tumour | 0/25 0% | 1/169 1% |
| Burkitts Lymphoma | 1/32 3% | 0/196 0% |
| Bladder Carcinoma | 0/58 0% | 4/956 0% |
| Other Sarcomas | 0/69 0% | 3/699 0% |
| Ovarian Carcinoma | 2/109 2% | 2/998 0% |
| Breast Carcinoma | 0/144 0% | 11/3264 0% |
| Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 0/51 0% | 8/2550 0% |
| B-Cell Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma | 3/88 3% | 4/2534 0% |
| Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0/9 0% | 2/752 0% |
| Pancreatic Carcinoma | 0/89 0% | 4/1611 0% |
| Cervical Carcinoma | 0/35 0% | 1/422 0% |
| B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia | 5/55 9% | 1/2640 0% |
| Wilms Tumour | 0/5 0% | 1/474 0% |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 0/46 0% | 3/2210 0% |
| Esophageal Carcinoma | 0/23 0% | 1/769 0% |
| Biliary Tract Carcinoma | 0/54 0% | 1/950 0% |
| Kidney Carcinoma | 0/85 0% | 2/1862 0% |
| Glioma | 0/52 0% | 2/2127 0% |
| Prostate Carcinoma | 0/13 0% | 2/2105 0% |
Mutation Distribution
Where GREM2 is mutated · all tissues, split by cell line vs tissue
How many mutations in GREM2 were found in each tissue, across the whole database.
Each bar is a tissue (cell-line and tissue names are merged to the standard tissue), split into cell line and tissue (patient tumour) contributions.
This shows the cancer-context where this gene is recurrently altered.
GTEx Expression
Median TPM across 54 healthy tissues
Median gene expression (TPM) in normal, non-cancer human tissues from the GTEx project.
Useful for judging tumour specificity – a strong neoantigen target ideally comes from a gene with low expression in healthy tissues.
Scroll or drag the mini-axis below the chart to browse all tissues.
Mutations
All 201 mutations in GREM2
Every mutation record for this gene, across all samples and sources.
The Sample column links to the cell line (cell-line samples) or the tissue type (tissue samples).
Use the Type / Source filters, the search box, and column sorting to explore; each CAN-IMMUNE ID opens the full mutation & peptide view.
| ID | Sample | Transcript | AA Change | CDS | Type | Source | Mutant Peptide | Wild-type Peptide |
|---|