Stats by Source
Total, split by cell line (COSMIC CL / DepMap / PubMed) vs tissue (COSMIC primary tissue)
Total = all mutations for this gene across every source.
Cell line = COSMIC Cell Lines Project + DepMap + PubMed.
Tissue = COSMIC primary-tissue (patient tumour) samples.
Total can exceed cell line + tissue: COSMIC tissue-derived models sit only in global, and a peptide can be shared across both.
| Total | Cell line | Tissue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutations | 17,354 | 902 | 16,223 |
| Samples | 4,686 | 425 | 4,202 |
| Peptides | 179 | 49 | 163 |
Function
KRAS · KRas proto-oncogene, GTPase
This gene, a Kirsten ras oncogene homolog from the mammalian ras gene family, encodes a protein that is a member of the small GTPase superfamily. A single amino acid substitution is responsible for an activating mutation. The transforming protein that results is implicated in various malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenoma, ductal carcinoma of the pancreas and colorectal carcinoma. Alternative splicing leads to variants encoding two isoforms that differ in the C-terminal region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Isoforms & Proteins
4 transcripts · UniProt mapping is sequence-verified (AA-safe)
Each Ensembl transcript (ENST) this gene is mutated on, with its matched UniProt accession.
The mapping is sequence-verified: the UniProt sequence is identical to the transcript translation, so amino-acid positions line up exactly. A * marks an unreviewed (TrEMBL) entry.
Counts are mutations and unique mutant peptides on each transcript.
Gene Properties
Recurrent Mutations
All 132 amino-acid changes on canonical ENST00000311936 · needle height = samples · drag the mini-map to zoom
A lollipop / needle plot – the standard way to show recurrent mutations along a protein (as used by cBioPortal and MutationMapper).
X-axis = amino-acid position in the protein.
Needle height & head size = how often that exact amino-acid change was observed (its recurrence). Tall/large heads are mutational hotspots.
The most recurrent changes are labelled; hover any needle for the change, position and counts.
Mutation frequency across cancer types
% of samples with a missense/complex mutation in KRAS · cell line vs tissue
For each cancer type, the fraction of samples that carry at least one missense/complex mutation anywhere in KRAS – counted as distinct samples (a sample counts once no matter how many mutations it has).
Split into cell line and tissue; each cell shows mutated / total and the percentage. Cohorts with <20 samples are omitted. Ordered by combined frequency.
| Cancer type | Cell lines | Tissue samples |
|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic Carcinoma | 82/89 92% | 1223/1611 76% |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 81/143 57% | 1131/3239 35% |
| Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 105/304 35% | 307/1390 22% |
| Plasma Cell Myeloma | 13/44 30% | 66/305 22% |
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 12/42 29% | 115/612 19% |
| Biliary Tract Carcinoma | 17/54 31% | 160/950 17% |
| B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia | 7/55 13% | 324/2640 12% |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | 11/90 12% | 0/0 0% |
| Acute Monocytic Leukemia | 1/1 100% | 2/25 8% |
| Ovarian Carcinoma | 19/109 17% | 90/998 9% |
| Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0/9 0% | 61/752 8% |
| Gastric Carcinoma | 10/74 14% | 134/1809 7% |
| Cervical Carcinoma | 4/35 11% | 26/422 6% |
| Germ Cell Tumour | 0/25 0% | 12/169 7% |
| Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour | 0/0 0% | 8/133 6% |
| Non-Cancerous | 4/104 4% | 52/830 6% |
| T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia | 2/40 5% | 0/0 0% |
| Neuroendocrine Tumour | 10/154 6% | 24/577 4% |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | 0/33 0% | 9/171 5% |
| Other Blood Cancers | 5/61 8% | 115/2725 4% |
| Bladder Carcinoma | 2/58 3% | 36/956 4% |
| Other Sarcomas | 4/69 6% | 23/699 3% |
| Esophageal Carcinoma | 2/23 9% | 23/769 3% |
| Other Solid Cancers | 0/94 0% | 45/1515 3% |
| Thymic Epithelial Tumor | 0/0 0% | 1/39 3% |
| Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma | 5/57 9% | 14/810 2% |
| Melanoma | 1/210 0% | 43/1899 2% |
| B-Cell Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma | 5/88 6% | 46/2534 2% |
| Oral Cavity Carcinoma | 1/54 2% | 0/0 0% |
| Thyroid Gland Carcinoma | 2/45 4% | 24/1592 2% |
Mutation Distribution
Where KRAS is mutated · all tissues, split by cell line vs tissue
How many mutations in KRAS were found in each tissue, across the whole database.
Each bar is a tissue (cell-line and tissue names are merged to the standard tissue), split into cell line and tissue (patient tumour) contributions.
This shows the cancer-context where this gene is recurrently altered.
GTEx Expression
Median TPM across 54 healthy tissues
Median gene expression (TPM) in normal, non-cancer human tissues from the GTEx project.
Useful for judging tumour specificity – a strong neoantigen target ideally comes from a gene with low expression in healthy tissues.
Scroll or drag the mini-axis below the chart to browse all tissues.
Mutations
All 17,354 mutations in KRAS
Every mutation record for this gene, across all samples and sources.
The Sample column links to the cell line (cell-line samples) or the tissue type (tissue samples).
Use the Type / Source filters, the search box, and column sorting to explore; each CAN-IMMUNE ID opens the full mutation & peptide view.
| ID | Sample | Transcript | AA Change | CDS | Type | Source | Mutant Peptide | Wild-type Peptide |
|---|