Stats by Source
Total, split by cell line (COSMIC CL / DepMap / PubMed) vs tissue (COSMIC primary tissue)
Total = all mutations for this gene across every source.
Cell line = COSMIC Cell Lines Project + DepMap + PubMed.
Tissue = COSMIC primary-tissue (patient tumour) samples.
Total can exceed cell line + tissue: COSMIC tissue-derived models sit only in global, and a peptide can be shared across both.
| Total | Cell line | Tissue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutations | 6,700 | 622 | 5,936 |
| Samples | 549 | 76 | 456 |
| Peptides | 492 | 71 | 423 |
Function
TSC1 · TSC complex subunit 1
This gene is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes the growth inhibitory protein hamartin. The encoded protein interacts with and stabilizes the GTPase activating protein tuberin. This hamartin-tuberin complex negatively regulates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling which is a major regulator of anabolic cell growth. This protein also functions as a co-chaperone for Hsp90 that inhibits its ATPase activity. This protein functions as a facilitator of Hsp90-mediated folding of kinase and non-kinase clients, including TSC2 and thereby preventing their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with tuberous sclerosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022].
Isoforms & Proteins
18 transcripts · UniProt mapping is sequence-verified (AA-safe)
Each Ensembl transcript (ENST) this gene is mutated on, with its matched UniProt accession.
The mapping is sequence-verified: the UniProt sequence is identical to the transcript translation, so amino-acid positions line up exactly. A * marks an unreviewed (TrEMBL) entry.
Counts are mutations and unique mutant peptides on each transcript.
| Transcript | UniProt | Mutations | Peptides |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENST00000298552 | Q92574 | 584 | 427 |
| ENST00000440111 | Q92574 | 534 | 411 |
| ENST00000642617 | A0A2R8Y5S3* | 534 | 411 |
| ENST00000643875 | Q92574 | 534 | 411 |
| ENST00000644097 | A0A2R8Y5S3* | 534 | 411 |
| ENST00000646625 | Q92574 | 534 | 411 |
| ENST00000642627 | A0A2R8YFV7* | 528 | 405 |
| ENST00000643583 | A0A2R8Y5N2* | 528 | 405 |
| ENST00000545250 | Q92574-2 | 509 | 391 |
| ENST00000643072 | Q92574-2 | 509 | 391 |
| ENST00000642646 | A0A2R8YEI6* | 242 | 176 |
| ENST00000642745 | A0A2R8YEI6* | 242 | 176 |
| ENST00000645150 | A0A2R8YEI6* | 242 | 176 |
| ENST00000647462 | A0A2R8Y6W1* | 242 | 176 |
| ENST00000647078 | A0A2R8Y7E9* | 203 | 149 |
| ENST00000403810 | Q86WV8* | 198 | 144 |
| ENST00000643625 | A0A2R8Y6T5* | 2 | 2 |
| ENST00000490179 | Q92574 | 1 | 1 |
Gene Properties
Recurrent Mutations
All 427 amino-acid changes on canonical ENST00000298552 · needle height = samples · drag the mini-map to zoom
A lollipop / needle plot – the standard way to show recurrent mutations along a protein (as used by cBioPortal and MutationMapper).
X-axis = amino-acid position in the protein.
Needle height & head size = how often that exact amino-acid change was observed (its recurrence). Tall/large heads are mutational hotspots.
The most recurrent changes are labelled; hover any needle for the change, position and counts.
Mutation frequency across cancer types
% of samples with a missense/complex mutation in TSC1 · cell line vs tissue
For each cancer type, the fraction of samples that carry at least one missense/complex mutation anywhere in TSC1 – counted as distinct samples (a sample counts once no matter how many mutations it has).
Split into cell line and tissue; each cell shows mutated / total and the percentage. Cohorts with <20 samples are omitted. Ordered by combined frequency.
| Cancer type | Cell lines | Tissue samples |
|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour | 0/0 0% | 12/133 9% |
| Oral Cavity Carcinoma | 3/54 6% | 0/0 0% |
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 3/42 7% | 31/612 5% |
| T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia | 2/40 5% | 0/0 0% |
| Acute Monocytic Leukemia | 0/1 0% | 1/25 4% |
| Melanoma | 1/210 0% | 58/1899 3% |
| Thymic Epithelial Tumor | 0/0 0% | 1/39 3% |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | 0/33 0% | 5/171 3% |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 17/143 12% | 65/3239 2% |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | 2/90 2% | 0/0 0% |
| Gastric Carcinoma | 4/74 5% | 37/1809 2% |
| Bladder Carcinoma | 2/58 3% | 18/956 2% |
| Cervical Carcinoma | 2/35 6% | 7/422 2% |
| Plasma Cell Myeloma | 4/44 9% | 2/305 1% |
| Other Solid Cancers | 2/94 2% | 20/1515 1% |
| Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 4/304 1% | 19/1390 1% |
| Burkitts Lymphoma | 2/32 6% | 1/196 1% |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 1/46 2% | 27/2210 1% |
| Ovarian Carcinoma | 2/109 2% | 11/998 1% |
| Other Sarcomas | 4/69 6% | 4/699 1% |
| Breast Carcinoma | 2/144 1% | 33/3264 1% |
| Glioblastoma | 1/98 1% | 0/0 0% |
| Thyroid Gland Carcinoma | 1/45 2% | 15/1592 1% |
| Neuroendocrine Tumour | 1/154 1% | 6/577 1% |
| Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0/9 0% | 7/752 1% |
| Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma | 1/57 2% | 7/810 1% |
| Non-Cancerous | 0/104 0% | 7/830 1% |
| Head and Neck Carcinoma | 1/85 1% | 10/1574 1% |
| Ewings Sarcoma | 0/63 0% | 2/262 1% |
| Prostate Carcinoma | 6/13 46% | 7/2105 0% |
Mutation Distribution
Where TSC1 is mutated · all tissues, split by cell line vs tissue
How many mutations in TSC1 were found in each tissue, across the whole database.
Each bar is a tissue (cell-line and tissue names are merged to the standard tissue), split into cell line and tissue (patient tumour) contributions.
This shows the cancer-context where this gene is recurrently altered.
GTEx Expression
Median TPM across 54 healthy tissues
Median gene expression (TPM) in normal, non-cancer human tissues from the GTEx project.
Useful for judging tumour specificity – a strong neoantigen target ideally comes from a gene with low expression in healthy tissues.
Scroll or drag the mini-axis below the chart to browse all tissues.
Mutations
All 6,700 mutations in TSC1
Every mutation record for this gene, across all samples and sources.
The Sample column links to the cell line (cell-line samples) or the tissue type (tissue samples).
Use the Type / Source filters, the search box, and column sorting to explore; each CAN-IMMUNE ID opens the full mutation & peptide view.
| ID | Sample | Transcript | AA Change | CDS | Type | Source | Mutant Peptide | Wild-type Peptide |
|---|